The Management and Control of Quality 8e - 34169 Words

http://www.helpyoustudy.info CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION TO QUALITY TRUE/FALSE QUESTIONS 1. In the early Twentieth century, the artificial separation of production workers from responsibility for quality assurance led to an increased focus on quality among both workers and their managers. Answer: F AACSB: Analytic Skills The measure of efficiency defined as the amount of output achieved per unit of input is referred to as productivity. Answer: T AACSB: Reflective Thinking Skills Management control refers to any planned and systematic activity directed toward providing consumers with products of appropriate quality, along with the confidence that products meet consumers’ requirements. Answer: F AACSB: Analytic Skills The transcendent†¦show more content†¦d. global quality time and motion guidelines standards; workforce orientation and commitment. Answer: a AACSB: Analytic Skills 2. Page 3 of 26 http://www.helpyoustudy.info http://www.helpyoustudy.info 3. A key contribution of Frederick Taylor’s scientific management philosophy was to: a. reduce the reliance on inspectors for quality assurance. b. increase the training and education workers received. c. separate the planning function from the execution function. d. combine individual work tasks to promote teamwork. Answer: c AACSB: Analytic Skills 4. The change in society’s attitude from â€Å"let the buyer beware† to â€Å"let the producer beware† was fuelled by all the following factors EXCEPT: a. government safety regulations. b. product recalls. c. popularity of TQM as a quality tool. d. the rapid increase in product-liability judgments. Answer: c AACSB: Reflective Thinking Skills Which of the following is most appropriate in describing the quality efforts undertaken with the scientific management philosophy? a. Defect prevention was emphasized. b. Quality circles were extensively used. c. Use of inspection was wide-spread. d. Quality was every worker’s responsibility. Answer: c AACSB: Analytic Skills The creation of separate quality departments in the early 1900s caused: a. indifference to quality among workers and their managers. b. upper management to be more knowledgeable about quality. c. production quality toShow MoreRelatedEssay on Structure Culture in Organizations892 Words   |  4 Page sexpectations in the workplace is important for all levels of management. A â€Å"culture of respect, trust and honest communication† can make or break the ability of a company to establish and maintain ethical business operations (Long, 2013). When joining Oracle in the 1990’s, many employees were greeted with the public reputation of its sales force. 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Gender Roles Of A Christian And Multicultural Family

Growing up in a Christian and multicultural family, the role of gender has always played a vital role in my life. Growing up, my father was the breadwinner in the family, although my mother had a higher income than him. My mother has always told me to stay true to the Bible, although there might be confusion due to society. As a sociology major, I have come to develop a better understanding of how gender as affected society and myself. As a Christian, gender differences are classified as the province of God and one is taught that, â€Å"God had created man and women for different purposes† (Kimmel 2013, 22). Instead, I have learned that both men and women are capable of the same duties and one should not be judged based on their sex. Sex is biological and should be used to determine what one is capable of doing. 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Marks and Spencer Retail Store Marketing Strategy In Uk

Question: Need to make a project on the Marks and spencer. Which is an retail store of uk. You will be assessed on your ability to: 1. Within a potential future economic scenario, critically evaluate the companys strategies for sustainable competitive advantage, segmentation (including targeting and positioning) and branding 2. Using the same future economic scenario, critically evaluate the potential impact of the companys strategies on customer behaviour 3. Identify and critically assess opportunities for growth within the organisations MACRO environments 4. Make clear links to the marketing theory that underpins your work 5. Write a logical, well-presented and accurately referenced piece of work Answers: 1. Brief summary of economic factors As per the economic factors, Marks and Spencer was of the view that the company should not decrease its prices during or at the time of seasonal festivals such as Christmas. It is important and relevant that this strategy was effective and consumers know that they could not only grasp the retail products offered by Marks and Spencer at low cost but also get offers and discounts from the company. Thus, Marks and Spencer did not focused into consideration in the public level goals and strategies. The economic recession in the year 2009 set the economy struggling for growth and development but it also has focused on dealing with them successfully. Thus, consumers are optimistic and the operations of the company are booming. UK is the major hub of e-commerce where customers are not stuck to local retailers but also to the external tourists that develops the business in a diverse trend. Currently the company is very uncertain and it increasingly impacts the sales of the retail if people do not have sufficient amount to purchase the products. Marks and Spencer recently launched the 20% of wine to keep up with the competitors. This had to change the market at the time of recession. 2. Potential impact on marketing strategies Marketing strategies help to achieve the long term strategies for the organization with respect to the resources in the challenging environment. It needs to meet the requirements of the organization. (Baker Hart, 2007) Competitive advantage The company enables market development strategy that helps to enhance the global presence. It has huge potential for the sales of the company. It can meet with financial results. With the help of competitive advantage, Marks and Spencer pursue product development strategy that needs to develop products with respect to cultural aesthetics and its presence. (Beamish, 2008) The company enables to enhance strong global presence and due to low cost structure, Marks and Spencer can focus on strong and positive financial goals. To achieve the long term success, Marks and Spencer needs to focus on continuous product development strategy. It should deal with proper rewards and recognitions of local patterns and trends which are vital. It cannot achieve the long term goal of competitiveness in the market. Thus, the company needs to focus on global strategy. It also sells a broad range of products. The company is mainly a retailer store in UK of clothing market. It avail new opportunities and create a competitive advantage from the assets and competencies of organization. (Bunston, 2008) The company seeks to hire talented people in terms of employees. The competitive advantage and its sources such as cost, differentiation and strong workforce, effective knowledge management serves as a great asset to an organization. It seeks competitive advantage with cost and leadership strategies. Marks and Spencer come up with new strategies such as remain competitive and sustainable. Competitive advantage can be achieved with strong offerings and high values to customers. It is increased through higher values to customers and it justifies high pricing. The major key asset is its employees and the company face challenges in terms of finding the best from its people. Marks and Spencer use the source of competitive edge as its employees and it has strong reputation that concentrates on customer services. Competent and talented employees use their talents and knowledge to survive with the company. The human resource department in the company seeks to attain the competitive edge by strategic deployment of strongly committed people. It can use their skills to meet structural, cultural and personnel tools and techniques. Some techniques such as equal opportunities of employment produces diverse work force and diversity increases skills and potential of the company that are needed in the era of globalization. (Doyle, 2008) To retain the edge of competition, it is important to succeed in the work place. The diverse and talented employees in an organization help to lead the goals successfully. Effective resources of management enhance sustainability and takes decision making. This can be important to improve the excellence of business and it helps the business to be more proactive. It has direct association with relationship building. The company also develops effective knowledge management strategy to turn their ideas into innovative products and services. Social media provides cost effective marketing options and helps to communicate with the customers. (Kumar, 2001) Segmentation, targeting and positioning Targeting: Marks and Spencer specially targets the UK market. In UK market, the target is for 95% of the population within 30 minutes of line MS store by the end of 2015. They will increase the simply food stores within the country and the customers need to fulfill the needs in the local area. (Desanto, 2010) Market segment is the division of market into different group of customers with similar needs of product needs. It identifies the need and display proper responses to marketing actions. The purpose of market segmentation is to deal with the resources and it helps to meet the needs of customers. The concept of market segmentation is called as product differentiation. It helps to adapt the concept associated with product differentiation. Marks and Spencer targets especially the young people and meet the needs of the customer. They attract a younger female segment into their store and compete directly with respect to offerings and this may appeal to multiple market places. This is based on multiple applications of product and greater variability of customers. It also attempts to meet the needs of the customers. Different approaches of segmentation in marketing are important and the marketer considers essentially the same. (Hackley, 2009) Segmentation is the market division of people having likes / dislikes with respect to tastes and preferences. MS determine the market and targets the market with the approach of different criteria such as the clothing line helps to explore the market in a better way with the help of demographic and geographic as well as psychographic profile. (Hallbauer, 2008) Demographics: In clothing, women are targeted by the company MS and the company satisfies the market segment of every age group. Usually the company targets the age group of women above 20 years of age. Teenage girls also look for colorful clothing as they are more conscious for their styles. Their tastes have changed due to role models and media has played a great role in changing their needs and demands as per the modern world. (Kumar, 2008) Psychographic: The social class and personalities are same but there are different lifestyles. The buying behavior of consumers can be known through the transaction and it helps the marketers to provide better products for a targeted market. Geographic segment: The major geographic segment includes 337 stores in 41 territories internationally. It segments the market geographically such as developing stores in territories and follows the approach of consistent packaging and it is easy for consumers for shopping. Climate will be rainfall, wind, humidity and the target customers of MS change their patterns and trends as per the climate. The pattern of business deals with the season. (Lancaster Withey, 2007) Behavioral segmentation: The premium customers of Marks and Spencer are its regular customers. Customers come back to Marks and Spencer because they are satisfied with its clothing. Regular customers are important to remain profitable in the business because they have the power to pay more and gather more products. Loyal customers will help the company to increase the sales. With respect to the branded products, strong image could be maintained. Marks and Spencer gets full confidence and faith from customers with the emphasis on low cost strategy with high quality. Positioning: Marks and Spencer has positioned itself as a premium brand in the supermarket industry. It offers the premium price for customers as customers have the willingness to pay a premium price for this brand and they set their prices with the approach of premium brand perception in the minds of the consumers. (Wheelen Hunger, 2008) Branding Various forms of branding by Marks and Spencer include various mediums such as advertising and promotion. It should involve in heavy advertisements and different channels such as: Television: This is the successful way to reach the target market and it should focus on dealing with strong viewership. The company could catch the eyes of consumers with the graphics and images as well as famous celebrities for proper recognition. Print advertisements: Newspapers are the most popular forms of advertising. The company can focus on female magazines and it will help to deal with the middle upper class women who are interested in fashion. Television based brochures and rate of circulation plays an important role. (Marks and Spencer group Plc, 2008) The company developed the plan of brand strategy for three years that help to drive the multi-channel globe. It allows customers to use the catalogue, brochures and magazines. The company strongly positioned with respect to the improvement of operational delivery and it focuses on quality and value with regards to choice. It is based on communication strategy with respect to the long term commitment to quality. The TV campaign has been the major sense of scale and it has been committed to remain more sustainable that helped to reinforce the credentials. The company develops the brand equity and it maintained the price and advertising. (Donelly, 2015) Marks and Spencer uses face book to involve their customers and they share recipes and expand as well as develop the multichannel strategy. The tagline exclusively for everyone is used that has become the brand message for the company. Thus, advertising involves multiple uses of communication sources and people pay for the products and services of brand name. It influences customers with advertising. (MacDonald, 2011) 3. Potential impact on customer behavior and changes The concept of Marks and Spencer establishes as a reliable retail market across the world. It integrates to adopt new innovation and consumer preference and taste is the major concerns of marketing for the retail segment. It is dependent on primary survey and is designed on the basis of theoretical knowledge of consumer needs and preferences. It also offers an insight for the process of consumer preference. The buying behavior of customers depends upon the relationship of individuals with respect to the marketing mix strategies. The income and the factors such as social cultural factors help to play a significant role on consumers buying behavior. It provides the outfit for every segment and there are variety of products with regards to different pricing and quality. (McElhatton, 2009) Therefore, there is high awareness of brand and customers help the company to focus on the large base of global market. The company is a leading fashion retailer in global market place. It targets multi-segment people and they have multiple outfits for every gender. The organization does not focus on narrow strategy of marketing. It provides economic cost as well as premium rate clothes. Marks and Spencer has a strong market share in ladies products and they targets people of medium as well as upper class people. Thus, the organization targets the consumers of all genders. Product positioning strategy has been implemented by the organization. It successfully helped to retain the old customers. They also have high quality to develop the large base of customers. (Morris, 2008) People of every segment of middle and high level income are the target people of Marks and Spencer. It has adopted the change of trends and patterns of fashion industries in terms of mass segmentation. The customer of MS looks for innovative products and latest designs as per the fashion in the market. Thus, the company changes the pattern and designs according to the taste and needs of consumer. For example: In case of summer, customers prefer cotton and short dresses, similarly, in case of winter, they prefer complete clothes in a woolen pattern. This way, their trend change and for casual wear, they prefer simple clothes, for festival occasion, they prefer ethnic pattern and company designs as per their requirements so that the customers can be happy and satisfied. The customer is changing and the opportunity that came from the internet and changing behavior of customers, it brings strong revolution for MS and other clothing retailers. (Newman Cullen, 2002) 4. Opportunities in the macro environment Social factors: Consumers tastes preferences and life style changes with time. It presents both the threats as well as opportunities. Consumers in the UK have ability of being loyal to one brand as per the quality of products. With the competitive rates, there are sudden changes when compared to the competitors. Consumers have huge preferences for styles and trends that present the strong market share for the company. This denotes that consumers in UK retail industry have high value of money. People live longer that means they can spend more during the lifetime. The major customers are aged people and young people. This way, it presents a strong opportunity for Marks and Spencer. Technological factors: The internet has been the powerful and strong source of selling channels. It is assumed that online retail sales have increased and reached the position of revenues. MS online sales also generated the goal to increase the revenues. The mobile phone shopping is taking off and there is a need of growth in the recent years. This comes with the clear goals and opportunities. (Sinkovics Ghauri, 2009) Advantages The company can take advantage of these factors and become competitive in the market place. With the changes in the consumer tastes, internet is used as an online shopping outlet and increases the scope of e-commerce. It improves flexibility and become competitive in the market. The company can gain market share with recent patterns and lifestyles. Media plays a great role in communicating fashion and price comparison to the consumers. MS needs to deal with the advanced technology and should introduce the products widely in the market such as online shopping facilities should be available to the consumers that will increase company revenues. It can also focus on determining the new fashion and trends in the different parts of the world. With the help of surveys, the company can deliver strong techniques to get the customers feedback and to fulfill their needs and demands. The company needs to make the strategy that offers more customers oriented product on less price. It should provide the multiple products at multiple prices with high quality and this way, it would be easy for the company to maintain the competitive edge. It can increase the competitive position through multiple products and services when compared to its competitors. This way, company can increase the opportunities and encourage laws in the political environment. The dynamic nature of the company also presents the major consumers that position with respect to the money. This defines they deal with preferences on problems of price over quality and other campaigns of marketing and advertising of the company denotes to be committing as they are employed icons of the country to spread the message of the brands. (Pride, et.al, 2009) The current strategy of Marks and Spencer is not very good and with respect to few changes, the company has to focus on dealing with the lost market share and customers. This way, the company can deal with high quality with respect to the achievement of customer satisfaction through quality service. (Williamson, 2013) 5. References Baker, MJ Hart, S, 2007, The Marketing Book, Butterworth-Heinemann Beamish, K, 2008, CIM Revision Cards Strategic Marketing Decisions, Butterworth-Heinemann Bunston, L, 2008, International Marketing Project: Brazil An Opportunity for MS Expansion, BA Hons Fashion Business Management DeSanto, B, 2010, Public Relations Cases: International Perspectives, Routledge Doing The Right Thing, 2011, Available at: https://plana.marksandspencer.com. Accessed April 13, 2011 Donaldson, B OToole, T, 2007, Strategic Market Relationship: From Strategy to Implementation, John Wiley Sons Donelly, R. 2015. Marketing excellence: Marks and Spencer. Quality worth paying more for. Marketing society. Doyle, P, 2008, Value-based Marketing: Marketing Strategies for Corporate Growth and Shareholder Value, John Wiley Sons Fisk, P, 2009, People, Planet, Profit: How to Embrace Sustainability for Innovation and Business Growth, Kogan Publications Hackley, C, 2009, Advertising and Promotion: An Integrated Marketing Communications Approach, SAGE Publications Hallbauer, S, 2008, Retail Marketing and New Retail Idea Marks and Spencer, GRIN Verlag Kumar, NE, 2001, Marketing Management, Anmol Publications Kumar, R, 2008, Research Methodology, APH Publishing Corporation Kumar, B, 2010, Marketing of Hospitality and Tourism Services, Tat McGraw-Hill Education Lancaster, G Withey, F, 2007, Marketing Fundamentals 2007-2008, Butterworth-Heinemann Marks and Spencer Group PLC Price Analysis Snapshot, 2008, Available at: https://wrightreports.ecnext.com/coms2/reportdesc_PRICE_C826A7170 Accessed April 13, 2011 Mathur, UC, 2010, Retail Management: Text and Cases, IK International PVT Ltd. MacRury, I, 2009, Advertising, Routledge MacDonald, G, 2011, For MSs Bolland, Success is in the Detail, Retail Week, Available at:https://www.retail-week.com/city/for-mss-bolland-success-is-in-the-detail/5025603.article Accessed June 10, 2011 McElhatton, N, 2009, MS Tops Customer Retention League as Morrisons Slips, Available at: https://www.brandrepublic.com/news/935936/M-S-tops-customer-retention-league-Morrisons-slips/ Accessed April 2, 2011 Morris, M, 2008, Starting a Successful Business: Start Up and Grow Your Own Company, Kogan Page Newman, A Cullen, P, 2002, Retailing: Environment Operations, Cengage Learning Pride, WM, Hughes, RJ Kapoor, JR, 2009, Business, Cengage Learning Siguaw, J Smith, R, 2010, Strategic Hospitality Leadership: The Asian Initiative, John Wiley Sons Sinkovics, RR Ghauri, PN, 2009, New Challenges to International Marketing, Emerald Group Publishing Wheelen, T. Hunger, D., 2008. Strategic Management and Business Policy: Concepts and Cases. New York: Pearson Prentice Hall. Williamson, D., 2013. Strategic management and business analysis. New York: Butterworth Heinemann

Russian Revolution Essays - House Of Holstein-Gottorp-Romanov

Russian Revolution Power. To most people, being in complete and total control is not a vital necessity in their everyday lives. Having some influence is gladly welcomed, but having absolute power over millions and millions of people is not the top priority on their to do list. Sadly enough, there are those who believe that having authority is as essential to their lives as oxygen is to the human body. These power-crazed maniacs often rule nations and command armies, unlike your everyday Joe. Plans to take over the world are accompanied with undying persistence and determination to do anything it takes to put them into domination. The 19th century Russian Tsars would be considered the type of person that loves to have power. During what was the beginning of the Russian Revolution, nearly any measure was taken to maintain authority over the people of Russia. Alexander III became Tsar in 1881 and upheld the principles of autocracy, a government in which he ruled with absolute power. His main goal was to strengthen the autocracy, orthodoxy and nationality in Russia. To make sure his policy was enforced, any person that didnt give Alexander III total control, didnt go to the Russian Orthodox church or spoke of any country that wasnt Russia, was considered a threat to the Tsars rule. Several actions were taken to insure every man, woman, and child in Russia would follow Alexander IIIs objective of autocracy, orthodoxy and nationality. Censorship codes were placed on any published material and secret police kept careful watch on every educational facility in Russia to make sure instructors werent teaching material that was against Alexander IIIs goal. Russian became the official language of his empire and the use of any foreign tongue was forbidden. Alexander III created laws that encouraged prejudice among all minorities, especially Jews. Nicholas II, who proceeded Alexander III, also believed in the principle of autocracy but maintained control in a different way. During his rule the number of factories in Russia doubled along with the new development of the Trans-Siberian Railway. The economy grew and in the 1900s Russia became the worlds fourth-ranking producer of steel, putting power into Tsar Nicholas IIs hands. Another of the power-obsessed was a man by the name of Grigory Yefimovich Rasputin. Claiming to be a faith healer and a holy man he slithered his way into the Russian royal family hoping to gain political power. In 1915, Nicholas II had moved his World War I headquarters to the war front in Europe, and left his wife, Tsarina Alexandra in charge of governing Russia. Little did he know she was presently under the strong influence of her advisor Rasputin, the self proclaimed holy man. Alexandras son, Alexis suffered from hemophilia. Seeing his chance to gain control, Rasputin offered his healing powers to the boy, gradually easing his suffering. Believing Rasputin was a man of God, Alexandra allowed him the power to designate ministers of the government and even the head of the church. During this time, reform ideas were opposed and very powerful positions were occupied by many of Rasputins friends. Involvement in the World War I showed signs of weak Tsarist rule and lack of military leadership. Soldiers needs werent met and food, fuel, and housing was desperately lacking. These poor condition spread discontent throughout Russia. The army was tired of war, and food shortages worsened. Violent riots and strikes over insufficient supplies of bread and coal filled the streets. All the blame was placed on Nicholas II. Accusations of crippling the war effort by removing many capable executives from high government offices and replacing them with weak, unpopular leaders spread like wildfire. Most that blamed him were wrong. He wasnt the one in charge of appointing officials, Rasputin was. The image of Nicholas II was destroyed by his wifes trusted advisor and having no power left, gave up his throne on March 15. Power hungry leaders always lose. Autocratic governments dont encourage creativity of the masses but rather reflect only one mans ideas and quest for power, as shown in the Russian Revolution of 1905. History Essays